8. The North Russia Intervention was a failure for the Allies
After the Allies evacuated the troops of the North Russia Intervention it was clear that the expedition had been a failure in both a military and political sense. The stated goals of the intervention were not achieved, and the enduring enmity of the Bolsheviks and their supporters was the main accomplishment of the British, French, and Americans. The Americans abandoned North Russia beginning in the spring of 1919 and by the end of September all of the American troops were either in Brest, France or on their way to the French port for redeployment home to the United States. That same month the last of the British troops abandoned Arkhangelsk and Murmansk, leaving the White Russians to fight the Red Army on their own.
The White Army was in even worse condition than it had been in when the Allies arrived. It was disorganized, suffered from low morale and insufficient equipment, and was plagued with political infighting among its leaders. It was no match for the opposing Red Army, and with the Allies gone it quickly fell apart. In December 1919 the Red Army launched an offensive and the port of Arkhangelsk fell the following February. Murmansk followed in March. The White government the Allies had deployed to support collapsed and the end of the American involvement in North Russia resembled nothing so much as the fall of South Vietnam to the communists nearly sixty years later.